Turbine.



E. FISHER, Jn.

TURBINE.

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ATTURNEY UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE.

EMANUEL FISHER, JR., 0F PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALFT0 FREDERICK S. IPECK, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

TURBINE.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, EMANUEL FISHER, Jr., a citizen of the United States,residing at Providence, in the county of Providence and State of RhodeIsland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inTurbine-Engines, of which the following is a specification, referencebeing had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention has reference to improvements in steam turbines and itsobject is to provide a turbine engine wherein. the steam is compoundedby simple and effective means, and also ywhere the inlet ports areautomatically controlled by valves to regulate the flow of steam.

A further object is to provide simple governing means for automaticallycontrolling the action of said valves. And yet a further object of theinvention is to provide means whereby the engine may exhaust through thecenter shaft thereby facilitating a construction whereby the compoundaction of the steam may be more readily effected.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists of certainnovel features of construction as will be more fully described andparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a central sectional elevationof my improved turbine engine. Fig. 2- is a side elevation sectioned online 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3#- is a central sectional end view showing aportion of my improved turbine arranged to operate as a compound engine.Fig. 4- is a side elevation showing a portion of said compoundconstruction. Fig. 5- is an enlarged detail in perspective showing thegovernor sleeve. Fig. 6- is an enlarged detail in perspective showingone of the piston valves. Fig. 7 is a modification illustrating meanswhereby the steam pressure may act inwardly or toward the center on thevalves, for the purpose of counteracting the action of the centrifugalforce upon said valves. Fig. 8+ is a sectional View taken on line 8-8 ofFig. 7. Fig. 9- is a perspective view showing the form of connecting rodemployed for operating this modilied form of valve mechanism. Fig. 10-is a section through the sleeve and shaft showing the elongated key slotto permit a limited rotation of the sleeve on the shaft.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led July 16, 1910.

Patented Apr. 11, 1911. Serial No. 572,407.

Similar reference characters represent the same or similar parts in allof the views.

Referring to the drawings there is shown a cylindrical casing 1 which ismounted upon or formed as a part of a suitable base 2. A removable plate3 is arranged to be secured by bolts 4 to the casing to facilitate theassembling of the parts. Within this casing 1 is fixed a ring 5 whoseinner face is corrugated as at 6, see Fig. 1, thereby providing amultiplicity of small pockets all around the inner surface of saidcasing into and against which the jet of steam may impingc for thepurpose of causing the drum to rotate. This drum 7 is centrally mountedon, and fixed to shaft 8 to rotate within said casing andthe same isprovided with'a plurality of radial steam conducting passageways 9 theoutlet from each of which is controlled by a valve 10 preferablybalanced and of the piston type. Each piston is provided with a slot l0aon one side, and a slot 11L on its opposite side and said piston isarranged to reciprocate to open and close the steam ports and controlthe passage of steam through the jet opening 19 to act against thecorrugated surface 6 above described. The slot 10n in this valve permitsthe steam to pass through port 12 to the 0pposite side of the pistonvalve 10 for the purpose of counterbalancing the pressure on the same,and from where condensation may escape through the bleed duct 13. Thesteam that passes in through steam port 11 after acting upon the variouscorrugations, passes out through its individual exhaust channel 14 intothe central tubular exhaust chamber 15 from whence it is led away in anydesired manner.

In practice a highly economical effect of steam is obtained in thissimplified form 0f engine illustrated in Fig. 1, by providing, inaddition to the corrugations in the casing, a short series of sectionsof corrugations in the surface of the drum 7 as at 16 each set to beacted upon by the steam from its own individual jet, said corrugationsbeing located between each said jet opening and its exhaust port,whereby the steam may act and react back and forth upon the differentcorrugated surfaces utilizing such force as the steam possesses beforepassing out through the exhaust port 14. By corrugated, I mean toinclude any surface that may be provided the casing upon which end themomentum Wheel 26 is mounted and fixed. The extenty of rotation of thesleeve is controlled by the key 27 working in the circular slot 28 asillustrated in Fig. 10. In order to hold these 'valves normally in theirwide open position when the engine is at rest, I have provided a coilspring 21, see Fig. 2, having several turns around said sleeve, one endof said spring engaging the hole22 in said collar, and the opposite endengages the hole 23 in the plate 24 and later being fixed to the centraldrum.

In order to compound or again use the steam expansively, I have providedthe construction illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4,whereby the steam from thefirst ring 6 in each section, is conducted through a passageway 29, seeFig. 4, outwardly into the concentric ring 30 to operate upon anothersection, which ring is arranged to rotate with the central drum 7. Fromthe recess 31 in this -ring the steam is conducted through ports 32 and33 to act simultaneously upon the corrugations in the outer face of thefixed ring 34 and upon the inner face of the outer fixed ring 35, againusing the expanding force of the steam. In addition to the corrugationsin the fixed rings 34 and 35, the movable ring 30 may also be corrugatedas at 40 andA 41 in order to utilize the effective energy of the steamto the best advantage. After the steam has passed over and acted uponthis corrugated surface it is allowed to pass out through the exhaustports 37 and 38 and channels 39 and 40 and inwardly to the hollow centerof shaft 8, the lower end of channel 40 being shown by the broken awaysection in Fig. 4. In order to overcome the action of centrifugal forceupon these rapidly revolving piston valves and their operating parts, Ihave formed steam passageways 42-42 around each side of valve 10, seeFigs. 7 and 8 and have ad mitted the steam-pressure to the valves fromthe outer side to press inward toward the center of the engine, andconnected the piston to the ring 17 through the yoke 41, see

'Figs 7 and 9, in other respects the valve operates like thatillustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, controlling the admission of steam throughport 44.

The operation of my improved turbine may be more fully described asfollows The steam is admitted through pipe 45 to the end of the hollowcenter shaft and conducted through aperture 46 and by way of the mainradial passageways 9, ports 11, and jet opening 19, to impinge againstthe corrugated surface 6 at various points about its circumference andby means of which impinging jets the central drum is caused to rotaterapidly and with great force in the direction of the arrow. In ordertocontrol the flow of steam through these various ports, I have provided avalve 10 for each passageway and all of these valves are connected to acommon central ring or collar to be operated simultaneously to controlthe opening through their respective vports and to control the speed andpower to be developed by the engine. hen the engine is at rest thesevalves are held in their wide open position by the action of the coilspring 21 and when the engine is rotating these valves are caused bycentrifugal force to overcome the tension of said spring and moveoutward toward their closing position, in other words the spring servesas a governor to hold the engine at a constant pre determined speedbalancing the centrifugal force upon the piston. If, however, there is asudden increase inthe load such as to momentarily retard rotation of theshaft 8, the inertia of the momentum wheel 26 gives to it the tendencyto continue at the same` speed as before, thereby rotating the sleeveand opening the valves, giving the engine more steam and cause it toagain assume its normal speed.

The feature of providing an extra set or short section of corrugation 16upon the peripheral face of the rotating drum between each set ofpressure and exhaust ports renders the use of the steam in such anengine very much more economical and effective.

My invention is not restricted to the precise construction andarrangements of parts herein shown and described, as a plurality ofvalves of any convenientconstruction all coupled up together andarranged to be automatically and simultaneously actuated to control theoperation of a turbine engine, also any means of causing the pressure tobalance the action of centrifugal force upon said valves, comprisingstructures within thev terms of the appended claims will fall within`the spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim is:

1. A steam turbine comprising a rotatable member containing a pluralityof steam passageways, valves controlling said passageways and means forautomatically moving said valves simultaneously, said means includingvalve actuating rods located in said passageways. v

2. A steam turbine comprising a rotatable member containing a pluralityof steam passageways, valves located in said member for controlling saidpassageways and means for automatically actuating said valvessimultaneously, said means including a rotatably adjustable ring, androds in said passageways connecting the valves with said ring.

3. A steam turbine comprising a rotatable member containing a pluralityof steam passageways, piston valves located in said menu ber forcontrolling said passageways, means for automatically actuating saidvalves simultaneously, and means for causing the steam pressure tobalance said valves against centrifugal force.

4. A steam turbine comprising a rotatable member containing a pluralityof steam passageways, piston valves located in said member forcontrolling said passageways, means for actuating sald valvessimultaneously, and means whereby the steam is caused to press thevalves toward the axis of rotation to balance said valves againstcentrifugal force.

5. A steam turbine comprising a rotatable member containing a pluralityof steam inlet passageways radiating outward from the center thereofsaid member also being provided with a plurality of exhaust passagewaysleading back to a common center outlet, valves controlling said inletpassageways and means for automatically actuating `said valvessimultaneously.

6. A steam turbine comprising a rotatable member said member containinga plurality of inlet passageways radiating outward from the centerthereof, said member being also provided with a plurality of exhaustpassageways leading back to a common cen ter outlet, valves controllingsaid inlet pas- -sageways, a fixed corrugated portion against which thesteam from said jets impinge and a second corrugated portion arranged torotate with said member and coperate with said first mentionedcorrugations as the steam passes from the inlet to the exhaust ort. p 7A steam turbine comprising a rotatable member containing a plurality ofsteam passageways, valves controlling said passageways means connectingsaid valves to a common central plate and a momentum wheel connected tosaid plate for the purpose of controlling the position of said valves.

8. A steam turbine comprising a rotatable member containing a pluralityof steam passageways, valves controlling said passage` ways meansconnecting said valves to a common central plate, a spring serving tocounteract the action of centrifugal force on said valves and a momentumWheel connected to said plate for the purpose of controlling theposition of said valves.

9. A steam turbine comprising a rotatable member containing a pluralityof steam passageways, reciprocating valves controlling said passagewaysmeans connecting sai valves to a common central plate a coil springserving to counteract the action of centrifugal force of said valves anda momentum wheel connected to said plate.

10. A steam turbine comprising a plurality of alternate rotatable andfixed concentric rings each being provided with corrugated steamcontacting surfaces forming a plurality of sets of steam receivingchambers and means whereby the steam is caused to act upon each set ofchambers successively before inally exhausting.

11. A steam turbine comprising a rotatable member provided with aplurality of steam passageways having contracted inlet openings, ay ixedconcentric ring forming 'a space or chamber between it and the face ofAsaid rotating member the Walls of said chambers being provided withcorrugations, a second concentric ring also forming a set of chambershaving corrugated surfaces and means for conducting the steam from thefirst to the second set of chambers to act expansively therein beforeinally exhausting.

In testlmony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two wltnesses.

EMANUEL FISHER, JR.

Witnesses:

HOWARD E. BARLow, G. Cnossnnr.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

